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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) expression in the peripheral blood and lesions of 4NQO-induced tongue carcinoma in mouse.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The established 4NQO mouse model was used to analyze the distribution of MDSC and T cell subsets in the peripheral blood by flow cytometry. The relations of MDSC with T cell subsets and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ changes were evaluated. The distribution of MDSC in the lesions of tongues was analyzed by immu- nohistochemistry, and the expression of arginase 1 (ARG-1) in tongue tissues was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During tumor progression, a significant increase was observed in the frequency of MDSC in the peripheral blood of 4NQO treated mice (P < 0.01). The frequency of MDSC was positively correlated with systemic CD3⁺CD8+T cells but negatively correlated with the CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio. Squamous cell carcinomas were extensively infiltrated with MDSC, whereas dysplastic area and normal tongue mucosa had only sparse MDSC infiltration. The majority of MDSCs were located in the stroma, particularly along the tumor invasive front. Moreover, 4NQO-treated mice showed significantly higher ARG-1 mRNA levels in the tumor site (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MDSC may contribute to oral tumor progression and represents a potential target for immunotherapy of oral cancer.</p>
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Animals , Mice , 4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide , Arginase , Cell Count , Flow Cytometry , Models, Animal , Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells , Allergy and Immunology , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , T-Lymphocyte Subsets , Allergy and Immunology , Tongue Neoplasms , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Objective To discuss the management and selection of donor and recipient veins in the transfer of vascularied autogeneous submandibular gland (SMG).Methods The SMGs of 48 patients with severe keratoconjunctivitis were transfered to the temporal region by microsurgery from June,2002 to June,2013.The secreted saliva was used as the substitute of tear.Donor and accepting-site vessels,vessels crisis and managements,survival of grafts were retrospectively analysed.Results Transplantation succeeded in 45 patients and failed in 3.For donor veins,39 were facial veins,12 were venae comitantes of facial artery,1 was vein near the duct.For revipient veins,41 were superficial temporary veins,6 were deep temporary veins and 5 were veins in the upper neck.For revipient artery,except superficial temporary artery,deep temporary artery was also a good selection.After surgery,2/5 venous crisis cases were rescued by reanastomosising veins.TC99m examination suggested that the 49 TSMGs were survived,and the ducts were unobstructed.Follow up lasted for 6 months to 10 years,the symptoms of photophobia and anemophobia were alleviated,the symptoms of corneal xerosis disappeared.Good clinical efficacy was obtained after transplantion.Conclusion During SMGs transplantion,facial veins,venae comitantes of facial artery or vein near the duct can be used for donor vein.For recipient veins,except the superficial temporary veins as major,deep temporary veins or veins in the upper neck is also a secection.Correct selection and microsurgical management of donor and revipient veins are keys to successful SMGs transplantion.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expression of Notch signaling receptors Notchl, Notch3 and its ligand Jaggedl, Jagged2 in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>mRNA and protein expression levels of tissue samples from 74 cases of tongue cancer patients and human tongue cell line Cal-27 were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Its relationship with cell proliferation and clinical pathology was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>mRNA and protein expression were detected in tongue cancer tissues, adjacent tissues and cell lines. Notchl and Notch3 protein expression in tongue cancer was higher than the adjacent tissues. Jaggedl and Jagged2 protein expression in tongue cancer and adjacent tissues had no difference. Notchl and Notch3 protein had correlation with tongue cancer clinical staging. Pathway protein expression had no correlation with pathological grade, age, gender. Notchl protein expression in lymph node metastasis-positive cases was higher than in lymph node metastasis-negative cases. The expression of Notch3 and Jagged2 had correlation. Jaggedl expression grade in metastasis-positive cases was higher than in negative cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Notch signaling molecules have active expression in TSCC and may play important roles in tongue cancer development.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Blotting, Western , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Cell Line , Cell Proliferation , Immunohistochemistry , Lymphatic Metastasis , Neoplasm Staging , RNA, Messenger , Receptors, Notch , Tongue , Tongue NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of pingyangmycin (PYM) injection on infantile hemangioma located in the parotid gland region. Methods Twelve patients were treated by intralesional injection of PYM. When necessary, the injections were repeated at an interval of one week, but not more than 3-4 sessions within a therapeutic period. Normally, the secondary therapeutic period was performed 1 month later. The general and local adverse responses were recorded and the clinical outcomes were assessed with a follow-up of 1 to 3 years. Results Complete clinical resolutions were achieved in 10 patients. 2 patients received one injection, 3 patients received 2 injections, 3 patients received 3 injections, and 2 patients received 4 injections. The remaining 2 patients with partial resolution received 6 and 7 injections respectively. No clinical recurrence was observed during the follow-up of 1 to 3 years. No ulcerations or postoperative sears in injection regions were presented. The function of facial nerve was remained normality in all patients. The systematic side effects included transient pyrexia and poor appetite appeared in partial patients. No allergy cases were found. Conclusion Treatment of infantile hemangioma located in parotid gland region with PYM injection reveals a high rate of complete clinical resolution, with fair cosmetic results and short treatment time, and it does not damage the facial nerve or form local scar.The treatment time of PYM injection seems to be positively related to size of the lesions.
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Objeetive To investigate the outcome of microvascular reconstruction of the tongue with anterolateral thigh flaps in the treatment of middle-late stage tongue cancer patients. Methods From December 2003 to March 2007,nine patients underwent simultaneous reconstruction of the tongue and oral floor defects with anterolateral thigh flaps after resection of squamous cell carcinoma of tongue.The flaps ranged from 7 cm×10 cm to 10 cm×12 cm in size,and were adjusted to the defect of the tongue and oral floor.The vascular pedicle included descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex artery and the accompanying veins.The outcome of reconstruction was evaluated by follow-up examinations,considering the contour and mobility of the reconstructed tongues,the swallowing function and the speech function.Results All of the donor sites were closed directly,with minimal donor-site morbidity. All patients recovered unevenffully from surgery,with no immediate postoperative complications:no flap necrosis,no wound infection or wound dehiscence.The transplanted flaps survived well.The average follow-up period was 18 months.During the follow-up period there was no tumor recurrence and the contour of the reconstructed tongues showed sufficient bulk.The patients demonstrated good mobility of the reconstructed tongue.The swallowing and speech function recovered satisfactory.Two months postoperatively the patients were able to ingest a solid or semisolid diet,and six months postoperatively the patients developed intelligibe language.Conclusion The anterolateral thigh flaps are suitable and reliable for the microsurgical reconstruction of the large defects caused by middle-late stage tongue cancer.
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Objective:To investigate the feasibility of modified combined radical neck dissection remaining integrality of mandible in the surgical management of advanced tongue squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:39 cases of advanced tongue squamous cell carcinoma received modified combined radical operation remaining integrality of mandible,7-year follow-up was conducted.Results:Integrality of mandible and the function of mastication were remained in all the cases.1 and 3 years after operation there were 1 case and 9 cases of recurrence respectively.Metastasis was found in 5 cases.The 3-year survival rate was(61.72?5.44)%.Conclusion:The modified combined radical neck dissection remaining integrality of mandible is feasible in the treatment of advanced tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
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0.05 ),respectively. Conclusions:Modified radical neck dissection with internal jugular vein preservation may have similar therapeutic effect to radical neck dissection.